配施生物有机肥对马铃薯生产及土壤微生物量碳氮的影响

Effects of Bio-organic Fertilizer on Potato Production and Soil Microbial Biomass Carbon and Nitrogen

2015—2016年在大兴安岭加格达奇进行生物有机肥对马铃薯产量、品质及土壤微生物量碳、氮的影响试验。结果表明,与不施肥对照和农民习惯施肥处理相比,配施生物有机肥显著增加了马铃薯产量,2015年、2016年产量分别达到27 900、29 850 kg/hm^2,分别较不施肥对照和农民习惯施肥处理提高了51.2%、136.9%和11.0%、16.4%;配施生物有机肥马铃薯VC、粗蛋白和淀粉含量最高,2年平均较不施肥对照和农民习惯施肥处理分别提高了94.4%、38.2%、12.8%和12.9%、5.0%、3.3%;生物有机肥显著增加了土壤微生物量碳、氮,与不施肥对照和农民习惯施肥处理相比,土壤微生物量碳分别提高了61.4%和29.4%,土壤微生物量氮分别增加了39.5%和20.4%。总体来看,传统施肥量减少50%并配施生物有机肥,可以显著提高马铃薯产量、品质及土壤微生物量碳、氮,有利于当地马铃薯的可持续与优质高效生产。

The experiment on effects of bio-organic fertilizer on potato production and soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen was conducted in the Daxinganling Jiagedaqi in 2015-2016.The results showed that the potato yield reached 27 900 kg/hm2 and 29 850 kg/hm2 with bio-orgenic fertilizer treatment,respectively in 2015 and 2016.Compared with CK and farmers habitual fertilizer treatment increased by 51.2% ,136.9% and 11.0%, 16.4%.Bio-organic fertilizer treatment had the highest Vc,crude protein and starch content which increased by 94A% ,38.2%, 12.8% and 12.9% ,5.0% and 3.3% compared with CK and farmers habitual fertilizer treatment during the average of 2 years.Compared with CK and farmers habitual fertilizer treatment, bio-organic fertilizer treatment significantly increased soil microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen, and soil microbial biomass carbon increased by 61.4% and 29.4%, respectively, and soil microbial biomass nitrogen increased by 39.5% and 20.4%, respectively.In general, bioorganic fertilizer with the traditional fertilization reduced by 50% could significantly improve the potato yield,quality and soil microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen, it advantageous to the local potato sustainable and high quality and efficient production.