“大众创业、万众创新”时代我们需要怎样的教育培养目标

What Kind of Educational Objectives do We Need in the Era of the “Mass Entrepreneurship and Innovation”

"大众创业、万众创新"时代呼唤面向每一个人的创新教育,因此必须正视教育培养目标的"个体维度"。因为忽视个体维度的"全体认同式"教育培养目标,不仅没有理论上的合法性,也缺乏实践中的可行性。从形式社会学的角度来看,个体的态度行为与群体培养目标的共同作用决定了个体的四种生存状态:"信奉与遵从"、"认可与服从"、"对抗与屈从"、"游离与拒从"。其中,"认可与服从"最有利于创新精神的培养。因此教育培养目标在实践中的达成,一要尊重群体中的个体利益,二要对少数"受伤害者"给予精神补偿,三要尽量保持非底线目标的弹性与开放。如此才能改善既有的教育土壤,孕育出具有创新精神的个体,使教育更好地服务于"大众创业、万众创新"这一强国之策的推进。

The era of the＂Mass entrepreneurship and innovation＂calls for innovative education for each individual,so we must face up to the individual dimension of the educational goal. Ignoring the individual dimension of the common educational goal,we not only haven’t theoretical legitimacy but also lack practical feasibility. From the perspective of formal sociology,the individual attitude and behavior and the collective purpose of the collective determine the individual four survival states：＂the faith and compliance＂,＂the recognition and obedience＂,＂the confrontation and submission＂and＂the freedom and rejection＂. The third one is the most conducive to the cultivation of creative spirit and the achievement of educational goal. In the process of achieving the educational goal,we should respect the individual interests in the group,give spiritual compensation to some＂injured＂,keep the flexibility and openness of the non linear target. In this way,we can improve the existing educational soil and cultivate the innovative individual.