遗产地与保护地综论

AN OVERALL REVIEW ON HERITAGE SITES AND PROTECTED AREAS

从1972年《保护世界文化和自然遗产公约》通过以来,在世界范围内具有突出普遍价值的众多不同类型的文化和自然遗产得到了全球的认同和重视。同时,国际上还有其他几种保护计划也非常重要。他们从不同的角度对遗产进行了全球性的保护。中国的保护地类型多样,管理复杂,也存在多种保护体系。遗产地和保护地存在着紧密的联系,对保护体系的全面审视有助于遗产的保护,同时也十分必要。本文对国际上和国内的各类保护体系进行全面的梳理,综合分析这些不同的文化和自然保护体系之间的相互关系,并讨论在我国现实情况下的保护体系的整合和优化,遗产概念的扩展,以及遗产的综合保护与利用。

The Convention Concerning the Protection of World Cultural and Natural Heritage was adopted by UNESCO Conference in 1972. From then on, many diverse cultural and natural heritage sites with outstanding universal value around the world are identified and appreciated globally. Besides the world heritage, several other international protection systems are also very important. Those systems conserve heritage sites globally from different aspects. In China, there are many types of protection systems, and the management of them is complicated. There is a close link between the heritage sites and the protected areas. And an overall review on the protection systems contributes to the protection of the heritage and is essential as well. This paper makes a comprehensive analysis of the protection systems of heritage sites and protected areas in both China and abroad, studies the relationship between these varied cultural and natural protection systems,and discusses the integration and optimization of the protection system in China,the extension of the concept of heritage, and the integrated conservation and utilization of heritage.