P2P网贷平台异化经营的法律规制

Legal Regulation of Alienation Operation of P2P Net Loan Platforms

P2P网贷是互联网金融的典型代表。当今"互联网+"已成为大众创业、万众创新的重要媒介,P2P网贷在繁荣民间金融市场、促进金融民主、发展普惠金融、鼓励金融创新等方面具有重要意义。但我国P2P网贷平台存在普遍异化经营的现象,严重偏离"信息中介"的法律性质。其原因主要是法律监管主体及其职责不明确,市场准入与退出法律制度不完善,信息披露与保护法律制度不健全,缺乏资金安全性标准,行业自律监管不足。因此应明确P2P网贷平台作为信息服务中介的定位,将银监会和地方金融监管部门共同作为其监管部门,完善P2P网贷平台的市场准入备案和破产清算管理制度,建立资金第三方存管制度,并要构建以政府监管和行业协会自律监管相结合的混合模式,完善P2P网贷平台"异化"经营的法律规制内容。

P2P net loan is a typical representative of Internet finance, and can help to boom private financial markets, promote financial democracy, develop inclusive finance, and encourage financial innovation in today＇s world when ＂Internet Plus＂ has become an important medium in public innovation and entrepreneurship. However, alienated businesses exist universally in China＇s P2P net loan platforms, which seriously deviate from the legal nature of information intermediary. The reasons for the problem mainly lie in unclear regulatory bodies and responsibilities in the legal supervision system, incompleteness of the market entry and exit legal system, unsoundness of the legal system of information disclosure and protection, a lack of funds safety standards and insufficient industry self-regulation. Therefore, it proposes legal regulation of the alienated management of P2P net loan platform, including clear positioning of P2P net loan platforms as information service agencies with CBRC and local financial supervision departments as its regulatory authorities, strengthening the system of market access record and bankruptcy liquidation management and establishing the third party custody system for funds. Besides these, it also suggests constructing a mixed model with government regulation and self-regulation of industry associations, and perfecting legal regulation content of alienation operation of P2P net loan platforms.