杏鲍菇软腐病的病原菌及其生物学特性研究

Biological Characteristics of Soft-rot Parasitic on Pleurotus eryngii

软腐病是目前山西省杏鲍菇工厂化生产中发现的新病害。为明确其致病菌,通过染病子实体组织分离获得1株病原菌,经过形态特征观察和16Sr DNA基因序列分析,确定该病原菌为芽孢杆菌属细菌(Bacillus sp.),该致病菌对杏鲍菇菌丝、子实体都具有侵染能力。通过对该病原菌生物学特性的研究发现,其最佳生长条件为30℃,pH8,NaCl浓度15 g·L^(-1)。在菌丝培养阶段强化细菌性病害检测,出菇管理中严格控制低温条件,有助于预防软腐病发生。

A new disease, soft-rot disease, was recently found in Pleurotus eryngii growing factory in Shanxi province. A bacteri- a isolate was generated from the diseased fruiting body. Pathogenicity test, morphological observation and 16S rDNA sequence analysis had proved that the bacteria was Bacillus sp., the pathogen of the disease. The pathogen had the ability to infect mycelia of P. eryngii and the fruiting body without infection. The biological test showed that the optimum culture conditions t＇or the pathogen were temperature of 30℃, pH of 8, NaCl concentration of 15 g·L-1. It is helpful to prevent the occ, urrence of the disease by strengthening the detection of bacterial diseases in the culture of the mycelia and the strict control of the low temper- ature conditions in mushroom growth.