巴列维王朝的波斯湾战略及其地区影响

Persian Gulf Strategies in the Pahlavi Dynasty and Its Regional Impact

伊朗的波斯湾战略随着国际处境的变迁和国力的强弱变化具有顺势而为、因时而变的历史特点。在巴列维王朝时期,伊朗与美国关系紧密,与阿拉伯国家在意识形态和制度上没有根本性的矛盾,伊朗利用英国在1971年撤出波斯湾的权力真空以及伊朗在国际格局中的相对有利地位和综合国力上升的良好态势,由被动因应逐步转变为积极主动地谋求和维护伊朗在波斯湾地区的战略利益。伊朗因此实现了综合国力和国际地位的相对提高,掌握了波斯湾三岛的控制权,其军事力量也实质性地介入了波斯湾地区事务。因此,巴列维王朝时期的波斯湾战略基本实现了伊朗的国家利益。

The Persian Gulf strategy of Iran is a key component of national strategies,which has extremely profound influences on Iran's external exchanges and political and economic development.The Persian Gulf strategy of Iran is dynamic with the change of the national strength in the different historical period and a different international system. During the Pahlavi period,Iran had close relations with the United States and had no fundamental contradictions with Arab countries in ideology and system. Iran actively sought and maintained its strategic interests in the Persian Gulf region with the power vacuum of the British withdrawal in 1971 and the relatively favorable position in the Iranian international situation and the rise of comprehensive national strength. First of all,Iran enhanced a comprehensive national strength and the relative improvement of international status. Second,Iran has controlled the Abu Musa and the Tunb Islands. Third,Iranian military forces were substantially involved in the affairs of the Persian Gulf during the Pahlavi dynasty. Therefore,Iranian Persian Gulf strategy basically defended Iranian national interests during the Pahlavi dynasty.