不同栽植时期对苹果苗木成活及生长的影响

Effects of different planting dates on survival and growth of apple seedlings

为了指导河北省滦平县的苹果栽植,以3a生国光苹果苗木为试材,研究了不同栽植时期苗木的成活率及生长情况,结果表明,4月8日栽植的苗木成活率、下部小主枝上的长梢数分别为92.67%、9.26个,极显著高于4月15日和4月22日栽植的处理;新梢平均长度为39.93cm,显著高于4月15日和4月22日栽植的处理;单株长梢数13.73个,显著高于4月22日栽植的处理。4月15日栽植的苗木成活率、下部小主枝萌芽率、下部小主枝上的长梢数分别为75.67%、39.71%、7.58个,极显著高于4月22日栽植的处理;单株中梢数为14.95个,显著高于4月22日栽植的处理。3个栽植时期的地径、单株短梢数和叶丛枝数无显著差异。表明4月8日栽植苹果苗木的生长情况优于后面的2个时期,在滦平县4月份内栽植苹果苗木应越早越好。

In order to provide a guide for apple tree planting in Hebei Luanping, the 3-yearold ＇Guoguang＇ apple seedlings were used as materials to study the effects of different planting dates on survival rate and tree growth. The results showed that when the seedlings were planted on April 8th, the survival rate and the number of long shoots on the lower small main branches were 92. 67% and 9. 26 respectively, which were very significantly higher than those of seedlings planted on April 15th and April 22nd. The average shoot length of seedlings on April 8th was 39.93 cm, which was significantly higher than those of seedlings planted on April 15th and April 22rid. The number of long shoots of the single tree was 13.73, which was significantly higher than those of seedlings planted on April 22nd. When the trees were planted on April 15th, the survival rate, bud sprout rate on the lower small main branches, and the number of long shoots on the lower small main branches were 75. 67%, 39.71% and 7.58 respectively, which were very significantly higher than those of trees planted on April 22nd. The number of medium shoots of one tree was 14.95, which was significantly higher than those of seedlings planted on April 22nd. There were no significant differences among the ground diameter, short shoot number and cluster twig number of the three planted periods. The results indicated the growth of apple seedlings planted on April 8th was better than that of the other two planted periods, so when planting apple trees in April in I.uanping, the planting date should be as early as possible.