重金属短期胁迫下5种观赏植物积累特性与生理抗性研究

Soil Heavy Metals Stress on the Accumulation Characteristices and Physiological Resistance of 5 Ornamental Plants in the Short-term Condlions

采用盆栽试验研究不同处理浓度下铅镉胁迫对斑叶龟背竹、多花白鹤芋、麒麟叶、金钻、银叶合果芋5种观赏植物的积累特性与生理抗性的影响。结果表明:在高浓度处理下,5种观赏植物地上部与根系的Pb积累量为:麒麟叶>斑叶龟背竹>金钻>多花白鹤芋>银叶合果芋;Cd积累量为:斑叶龟背竹>麒麟叶>金钻>多花白鹤芋>银叶合果芋。斑叶龟背竹、多花白鹤芋、麒麟叶叶片中可溶性蛋白的含量随着铅处理浓度的增加而增加,而金钻、银叶合果芋含量减少,除了多花白鹤芋之外,其他4种植物可溶性蛋白含量随着镉处理浓度的增加而减少;随着铅镉处理浓度的增加,斑叶龟背竹、多花白鹤芋、麒麟叶、金钻叶片游离脯氨酸含量呈现上升趋势,而银叶合果芋呈现先递增后下降的趋势;在铅镉胁迫条件下,5种观赏植物叶片丙二醛含量和相对电导率均不同程度增加。5种观赏植物抗重金属铅能力为斑叶龟背竹>金钻>多花白鹤芋>麒麟叶>银叶合果芋;抗重金属镉能力为金钻>斑叶龟背竹>多花白鹤芋>麒麟叶>银叶合果芋。

To study the accumulation characteristics and physiological resistance of 5 kinds of ornamental plants （Monstera deliciosa, Spathiphyllum kochii, Epipremnum pinnatum, Philodendron ′con-go′, Syngonium podophyllum） toward different concentrations of Pb and Cd, it was conducted by pot experiment. The result showed that the Pb accumulation of the overground parts and roots of 5 kinds of ornamental plants in high concentration are as follows： E.pinnatum〉M.deliciosa〉Philodendron ′con-go′〉S.kochii〉S.podophyllum, the order of Cd accumulation is： M.deliciosa〉P.pinnatum〉Philodendron ′con-go′〉S.kochii〉S.podophyllum. The soluble protein content of M.deliciosa, S.kochii and E.pinnatum increased with the increasing of Pb concentration, but it decreased in Philodendron ′con-go′ and S.podophyllum, besides S.kochii, the soluble protein content decreased with the increasing of Cd concentration in the other 4 plants; with the increasing of Pb and Cd concentration, the free proline content of M.deliciosa, E.pinnatum, Philodendron ′con-go′ and S.kochii showed a rising trend, but it increased firstly and then decreased in S.podophyllum; the MDA content and relative conductivity of 5 kinds of ornamental plants increased under the Pb and Cd stress. The membership function analysis showed that the Pb resistance ability of 5 kinds of ornamental plants is M.deliciosa〉Philodendron ′con-go′〉S.kochii e〉E.pinnatum〉S.podophyllum; the Cd resistance ability is Philodendron ′con-go′〉M.deliciosa〉S.kochii〉E.pinnatum〉S.podophyllum.