高尔夫草坪蘑菇圈真菌拮抗木霉菌株的筛选及其抑菌作用

Isolation and screening of antagonistic Trichoderma strains against fairy ring on golf turf

草坪蘑菇圈是一种在高尔夫草坪上普遍发生的严重病害,经常造成草坪草的严重衰退甚至死亡。木霉(Trichoderma)菌对蘑菇圈真菌有良好的抑制作用。从贵阳乐湾国际高尔夫球场草坪出现的蘑菇子实体中分离出当地有代表性的真菌菌株1506,经形态学鉴定为环柄菇属菌株(Lepiota spp.)。并从曾发生过蘑菇圈病害,但第2年未发生蘑菇圈的草坪土壤中分离和筛选出典型拮抗木霉菌8株,其中加纳木霉GCPL175(Trichoderma ghanense)和木霉菌株GGFL12(Trichoderma.sp.)的抑菌能力最强,其发酵液的无菌滤液对1506抑菌率分别达到61.23%,73.13%,显著高出其他菌株95.75%,1178.50%(P<0.05),但供试木霉菌株的几丁质酶活性与其对环柄菇属菌株1506的抑菌率无明显相关。

The fairy ring widely occurs in golf turf and causes turfgrass degradation or even death.Fungi fromTrichodermaperform the promising effect on the control of fairy ring.In this study,8 typical Trichoderma strains were isolated from the fairy ring occurred turf soil to control the pathogenic bacteria Lepiotaspp.1506 from sporophore of mushroom in Happy Valley International Golf Club（Guiyang）.The result indicated that 2 strains（Trichoderma ghanense,GCP L175 and Trichodermasp.,GGFL 12）performed the best and the inhibition rate reached 61.23% and 73.49% respectively,which were significantly higher than the other strains（P〈0.05）.The activity of chitinase in Trichodermastrains did not show relationship with inhibition rate to Lepiota spp.1506.