野荔枝、毛荔枝和荔枝的木材识别

Timber identification among Litchi chinensis,Nephelium topengii and Litchi chinensis var. euspontanea

为了更好地识别野荔枝、毛荔枝、荔枝的木材结构,采用宏观和微观观察方式对三者的木材特征进行了比较。结果表明:野荔枝、荔枝与毛荔枝的区别明显,主要表现在前两者的轴向薄壁组织在肉眼下一般不可见,组织量少;管孔内白色沉积物丰富;木纤维中充满树胶;材质较硬。而野荔枝与荔枝的主要区别表现在,前者的木材重硬,少开裂,锯解、刨切难;轴向薄壁组织多为傍管状;导管数量较少,3~5个/mm2。

In order to better identify the timber structure of Litchi chinensis,Nephelium topengii and Litchi chinensis var.euspontanea,macroscopic and microscopic observation was used to compare the timber structure characters among them.The result indicated that the timber structures of Litchi chinensis and its variety have distinct differences from Nephelium topengii.The main differences lie in the former two timbers have the characters of the axial parenchyma in generally invisible to the naked eye,tissue quantities are few;tube hole with rich white deposits;wood fibers are filled with gum;the wood textures are hard.The main differences between Litchi chinensis and Litchi chinensis var.euspontanea are the former＇s wood texture is hard,less cracking,sawing and cutting difficult;the axial parenc hyma is mostly alongside tubular;catheter fewer,3-5/mm-2.