推动我国制造强国建设的若干问题研究

A Study on the Issues of Conducting China's Manufacturing Power Strategy

2015年,中国工程院启动了"制造强国战略研究(二期)"重大咨询项目,系统、深入地分析了现阶段中国制造强国建设面临的重点问题,提出了相应的对策建议,并形成研究报告。本文在项目前期研究的基础上,结合制造业的发展近况,使用数据挖掘、案例分析和专家访谈等研究方法,对制造强国发展指数、《中国制造2025》的相关政策等信息以及典型案例、专家观点进行了综合的分析论述。研究发现,制造业的增长模式、五大工程的实施差异度、传统产业面临被忽视以及地方政府产业政策趋同化等问题成为现阶段推动我国制造强国建设的主要制约因素。面对这些问题,建议推进优质制造和新一轮技术改造以促进增长模式转变和传统产业转型升级,协调五大工程实施以及地方产业政策以实现制造强国建设的有效推进。

In 2015, the Chinese Academy of Engineering launched a major advisory project： Manufacturing Power Strategy II. This project conducted a systematic and in-depth analysis of the major obstacles affecting China＇s position as a manufacturing power, pre- sented relevant suggestions, and formed a research report. Based on a preliminary study of this project, this paper examines and discuss- es related issues involving manufacturing power indexes, China Manufacturing 2025 strategy, typical cases, and experts＇ opinions, by means of data mining, case studies, and expert interviews. The results indicate the main factors that obstruct the construction of China＇s manufacturing power, which include： the growth pattern of manufacturing in China; the unbalanced implementation of the five projects within China Manufacturing 2025 strategy; the similar focuses of different local governments on industrial development; and, finally, the risk of neglecting traditional industries. To solve these issues, these authors suggest promoting high-quality manufacturing and new technological transformation in order to accelerate the transformation of the economic growth pattern and the upgrading of traditional industries. They also suggest coordinating the implementation of the five projects with local industry policies in order to develop China＇s manufacturing power strategy more efficiently.