芒果花果期蓟马寄主植物间迁移对其种群数量增长的影响

Effects of thrips migration between hosts on their population growth in the flowering and fruiting stages of mango

【目的】为弄清芒果花果期蓟马种群数量增长是否受其寄主间迁移活动的影响。【方法】用粘虫板和直接调查定期定点监测了露地开放和罩网隔离条件下地面有草和地面无草及开放条件下果园周边东、南、西、北和果园中不同方位蓟马的种群消长情况。【结果】在芒果花果期,随着花期的到来,开放条件下有草和无草两处理诱集到的蓟马虫量显著增加;隔离条件下有草和无草两处理诱虫量除谢花至座果期有所增加外,其他时间诱虫量变化无显著差异;开放条件下的诱虫量始终显著高于隔离条件下的。谢花至座果期是整个花果期蓟马发生最高峰。粘虫板诱集到的虫量与芒果植株上的蓟马虫量呈显著的正相关趋势。芒果园周边南侧的虫量在初抽花穗期到初花期以及谢花到小果期两个时期显著高于果园中间蓟马虫量。【结论】蓟马种群数量在芒果花期的快速增长主要是由于蓟马从其他植物向芒果迁移造成的。

【Aim】 To clarify whether the population explosion of mango thrips is influenced by their migration between hosts in the flowering and fruiting stages of mango. 【Methods】 The population dynamics of thrips in open and netted fields with and without weeds, and different orientations （east, south, west, north and central positions） of open fields of mango orchards were regularly monitored by using sticky traps and direct investigation. 【Results】 In the flowering and fruiting stages, the number of thrips increased significantly with the coming of flowering stage in open fields with and without weeds. In netted fields, the number of thrips increased from the flower-fading stage to the fruit setting stage and kept constant in other stages. The number of thrips trapped in open fields was always significantly higher than that in netted fields. The population of mango thrips reached a peak from the flower-fading stage to the fruit-setting stage. The number of thrips in mango trees was positively correlated with the number of thrips trapped by sticky traps. From inflorescence emergence to the initial flowering stage and the flowerfading stage to the small fruit stage, the numbers of thrips in the south position of mango orchards were significantly higher than those in the central position. 【Conclusion】 The population explosion of mango thrips in the flowering stage of mango is mainly due to the migration of thrips from other plants.