基于虚拟水的广西农业产业结构优化

Agricultural Industrial Structure Optimization Based on Virtual Water in Guangxi

虚拟水战略是农业产业结构优化的有效途径之一。通过测算分析广西主要农作物的虚拟水含量,对其农业产业结构进行优化。结果表明:广西主要农作物的虚拟水含量差异非常大,油菜籽的虚拟水含量高达8.733 m3/kg,是蔬菜的54倍。2000-2014年,农作物虚拟水含量的变化趋势也不尽相同,稻谷、甘蔗、木薯和蔬菜较为平稳,小麦、油菜和烤烟处于波动状态,豆类、薯类和玉米总体呈下降趋势。经规划后,各主要农作物的种植面积都有不同程度的调整。与现有种植模式相比,经济效益模式的农作物产值增加了5.43%、但水资源总体消耗量依旧很大,生态效益模式的农业产值基本持平,但其虚拟水总量却减少5.47%。在此基础上,提出了广西农业产业结构的优化对策。

Virtual water strategy is one of the efficient paths of agricultural industrial structure optimization. By calculating and analyzing the virtual water contents of the main crops in Guangxi, the agricultural industrial structure is optimized. The results showed that there is large difference between the virtual water contents of the main crops; the virtual water content of rapeseed is 8.733 m^3/kg, which is 54 times than that of vegetable ; meanwhile, there is also large difference in the change trend of the virtual water contents of the main crops during 2000 to 2014; the change trends of the virtual water contents of rice, sugarcane, cassava and vegetable are smooth and steady, those of wheat, rapeseed and tobacco are fluctuant, and those of beans, potato and maize are declining ; all the cultivated area of the main crops have varying degrees adjustment after optimized. Compared with the current planting pattern, the production values of the main crops under the economic planting pattern is increased by 5.43%, but the total water consumption is still large. The production values of the main crops under the ecological planting pattern maintain unchanged, but the total water consumption is decreased by 5.47%. On this basis, the optimizing countermeasure of agricultural industrial structure in Guangxi is proposed.