冲突话语定义再商榷

A Review of Definitions of Conflict Talk

综观现有有关冲突话语的定义,可以发现它们主要从起因、表现形式和本质特征等方面进行阐释,普遍认为冲突话语源于交际双方在观念、意见、目的和需求等方面的差异,表现为具有对抗性的异议、争论、指责等话语序列或言语活动。事实上,除了这些认知差异外,行为上的干预也可能引起冲突话语;同时,差异和干预不一定会导致冲突话语,处理人际差异和进行干预时态度或情绪上的对抗性才是冲突话语的本质特征。

An overview of the definitions of conflict talk reveals that they are given from the perspectives of causes ,forms and design features. Conflict talk is generally seen as stemming from the differences in such aspects as concepts,opinions, goals and needs. It is embodied in the oppositional conversational sequences or speech activity of disagreeing, arguing, blaming, etc. However, besides these cognitive differences, there are behavioral interferences that may cause conflict talk. Besides, these cognitive and behavioral factors do not necessarily produce conflict talk, and what brings about conflict is the attitudinal or emotional negativity or confrontation in dealing with interpersonal differences and interferences. The negativity or confrontation is the design feature of conflict talk.