巨菌草青贮替代全株玉米青贮对奶牛生产性能、乳成分和经济效益的影响

Effects of Replacing the Corn Silage with Puelia sinese Roxb Silage on Production Performance,Composition of Milk and Economic Benefits in Dairy Cows

试验旨在研究巨菌草青贮部分或全部替代全株玉米青贮对奶牛生产性能、乳成分和经济效益的影响,采用完全随机试验设计,将90头健康的处于泌乳中后期荷斯坦奶牛,根据体重、年龄、胎次、产奶量相近原则随机分为3组,即对照组、Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组,对照组饲喂以全株玉米青贮为基础的奶牛日粮,试验组分别以巨菌草青贮替代50%和100%玉米青贮,试验期8周,其中预试期2周,正试期6周。结果显示,巨菌草青贮粗脂肪、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、粗灰分、无氮浸出物分别较玉米青贮高192.3%、45.9%、34.1%、128.6%和194.3%,且均差异显著(P<0.05),粗蛋白质含量较玉米青贮低15.3%(P>0.05)。与对照组相比,Ⅰ组奶牛日产奶量显著提高了2.38kg/d(P<0.05),而Ⅱ组奶牛日产奶量降低了0.87kg/d,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。乳脂率、乳蛋白和乳糖含量随替代比例的增加而提高,但差异均不显著(P>0.05)。Ⅰ组每头奶牛每天可多盈利7.64元。综上所述,巨菌草青贮具有较高的饲用价值,通过合理的调配其在日粮中所占比例,可提高奶牛经济效益,满足奶牛全年对优质青贮的需要。在本试验条件下,以50%比例替代日粮中全株玉米青贮,效果最佳。

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of replacing the corn silage with Puelia sinese Roxb silage on the production performance,composition of milk and economic benefic in dairy cows.90 healthy Holstein cows in middle or late lactation were chosen and randomly divided into 3groups（control group,groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ）.The control group was fed with diet based on corn silage,groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ were fed diets with Puelia sinese Roxb silage instead of50% and 100% corn silage,respectively.The experiment lasted for 8weeks,including 2weeks pre-trail period and 6weeks formal period.The results showed that：The ether extract,neutral detergent fiber,acid detergent fiber,Ash and nitrogen-free extract of Puelia sinese Roxb silage were192.3%,45.9%,34.1%,128.6% and 194.3% higher than corn silage respectively（P〈0.05）,and the crude protein of Puelia sinese Roxb silage was 15.3%lower than that of corn silage（P〉0.05）.The milk yield of group Ⅰ was significantly increased（2.38kg/d higher）compared withcontrol group（P〈0.05）,while that in group Ⅱ was decreased（0.87kg/d lower）（P〈0.05）.With the increase of Puelia sinese Roxb silage,the butter-fat percentage,lactoprotein and lactose contents were increased（P〈0.05）.More profits（7.64yuan/d）could get in group Ⅰcompared with control group.It was concluded that Puelia sinese Roxb silage had a high feeding value,which could be used to fulfill the requirement of dairy cows in high feeding value silage,and the effect of 50% substitution group was the best.