五环路对北京观象台气温的影响分析

Influence of Beijing Fifth Road on Temperature of Beijing Meteorological Observatory and Representativeness of Temperature Data

利用1998—2009年北京观象台、大兴和丰台站气温小时观测资料,分析了五环路建设前后气温的变化以及气温变化的季节差异;利用2008—2009年北京观象台及其周边20km范围内站点的气温分钟资料,分析了观象台与其他台站气温资料的相关关系。结果表明,五环路建成后的5年比建设前5年年平均气温有0.98℃的升幅。五环路对观象台气温资料的影响存在季节性变化,气温升幅春季最小,秋季最大。北京观象台气温资料与周边台站气温资料存在较明显差异,气温绝对差平均值为0.57~1.92℃。

The temperature variation and seasonal difference around Beijing Fifth Ring Road are analyzed based on the observed air temperature of 1998-2009 of the Beijing Meteorological Observatory, Daxing Station and Fengtai Station, using the average of the data from Daxing and Fengtai stations as reference. Using the observed daily air temperature at 2 m in 2008 and 2009 from Beijing Meteorological Observatory and the stations within 20 km, the the representativeness of temperature data is studied through calculating correlation coefficient, the average of the absolute values of temperature differences, and the average of the absolute values of the differences between minimum and maximum temperature from Beijing Meteorological Observatory and those from other stations in Beijing. The results show that the average temperature in five years after the completion of the Beijing Fifth Ring Road increased by 0.98 ~C. The impact of the Fifth Ring Road on temperature data of the Beijing Meteorological Observatory varies from season to season. The increase is the biggest in spring and the smallest in autumn. The ratio of good representativeness of temperature is 52.1%. and the temperature from the Beijing Meteorological Observatory is well representative of average temperature of 0 to 5 km,5 km to 10 km, 10 km to 15 km,and 15 km to 20 km zones.