电子显微镜下羊毛的溶解模式

Dissolving modes of wool fibers observed by scanning electron microscopy

掌握羊毛的溶解模式有助于羊毛资源的再生利用,为此,采用电子显微镜观察羊毛在溶解过程中的表面形貌结构变化,提出了羊毛的鳞片剥落破坏和主干萎缩塌陷2种溶解模式。鳞片剥落破坏模式是指羊毛鳞片经溶剂溶胀后产生皱痕或被部分溶解,最终破裂或脱落;主干萎缩塌陷模式是指溶剂由羊毛本身固有的孔洞及破损缺陷渗入皮质层与皮质层内的角蛋白大分子发生反应,使大分子溶解,羊毛主干萎缩塌陷,仅剩下难以溶解的鳞片残余物的溶解模式。羊毛的整个溶解过程就是这2种模式的不同组合,其组合情况取决于羊毛的鳞片结构和纤维的固有结构缺陷以及外部损伤,不同羊毛或同一羊毛的不同部位也会存在差异,但主干萎缩塌陷模式是溶解的主体模式。

In order to study the dissolving modes of wool to reuse the wool fibers,the scanning electron microscopy was employed to observe the surface morphological changes during its dissolution process,and two dissolving modes were proposed,i. e.,desquamation-of-cuticle-scales mode and collapsion-of-fibersbackbone mode. The desquamation-of-cuticle-scales mode refers to wrinkle or partially dissolution,eventually breakage or desguamation of wool scales after the solvents swelling. The collapsion-of-fibersbackbone mode is due to the inherent and damaged defects of wool,through which the solvents permeate into the cortex and react with the large molecules of keratins,resulting in its dissolution,making the shrinkage and collapse of wool backbone and leaving the residues of insoluble cuticle scales. The whole dissolution process of wool can be regarded as the different combinations of these two modes. The combination depends on the structure of cuticle scales and the inherent defects of fibers. It is different for different fibers and even for different parts of the same fiber. However,the collapsion-of-fibers-backbone mode is the main mode during the dissolving process of wool.