不同填充密度的梯度结构复合滤材的制备及其性能

Preparation and properties of gradient filter materials with different packing density

为使滤材在同等过滤效率下具有较低的过滤阻力,以聚丙烯(PP)为原料,用熔体静电纺丝技术在线制备了纤维填充密度不同的梯度结构复合滤材。研究了不同收卷速度下制备的复合滤材的过滤效率,发现复合滤材的过滤效率随收卷速度的增加而降低;选择3种不同收卷速度制备出3种同等厚度的纤维网,并计算其对应的纤维填充密度;最后在聚丙烯纺粘非织造基材上直接沉积3层不同填充密度的纤维网,经热压制备梯度结构复合滤材。结果表明,在同等过滤效率下,纤维填充密度不同的梯度结构复合滤材具有低阻特性,对粒径大于等于2.0μm颗粒的过滤效率最高达87.0%,过滤阻力为8.0 Pa,透气率为187.0 mm/s。

In order to prepare filter with low resistance performance under the same filtration efficiency,the combined melt-electrospinning and hot-pressing device was used to prepare fiber packing density gradient composite filters with polypropylene（ PP） as raw material. Firstly,the filtration efficiency of the composite filters prepared under different rolling-up speeds was studied. It is found that the filtration efficiency of composite filters decreases with the increase of the rolling-up speed. Secondly,three rollingup speeds were selected to prepare three fiber nets with the same thickness,and then their packing densities were calculated. Finally,the fiber nets with different packing densities were combined with PP spun bonded nonwoven to prepare gradient filters. The results show that the obtained composite filters with gradient structure have low resistance under the same filtration efficiency. In addition,the filtration efficiency of particles with a particle size greater than or equal to 2. 0 μm is 87. 0%,the filtration resistance is 8. 0 Pa,and the air permeability is 187. 0 mm/s.