长沙市2028名中小学生血脂异常检出率及其影响因素

Prevalence of dyslipidemia and its influential factors in 2 028 students from primary and middle schools in Changsha

目的:探讨中小学生血脂异常检出率及其影响因素,为中小学生慢性病防控提供科学依据。方法:采用分层随机整群抽样方法随机选择长沙市2 028名7~17岁中小学生作为研究对象,分别进行问卷调查、体格测量和血脂4项检查[三酰甘油(triglyceride,TG)、总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)],非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(nonhigh-density lipoprotein cholesterol,non-HDL-C)水平则由TC水平减去HDL-C水平计算得到。血脂异常影响因素的单因素分析采用χ2检验,多因素分析采用非条件logistic回归模型。结果:中小学生血脂异常检出率为18.6%,其中高TG血症,高TC血症,高LDL-C血症,高non-HDL-C血症和低HDL-C血症检出率分别为6.8%,5.6%,2.3%,4.2%和8.6%。不同年龄、家庭所在地、BMI分组、每天看电视或玩电脑时间、每天睡眠时间及是否中心性肥胖的中小学生血脂异常检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示家庭所在地为城市(OR=1.332)、超重(OR=1.548)、肥胖(OR=2.201)、中心性肥胖(OR=1.695)、每天看电视或玩电脑时间>2 h(OR=1.357)、每天睡眠时间>11 h(OR=2.518)是中小学生血脂异常的危险因素。结论:近1/5的中小学生检出不同类型的血脂异常,且与肥胖及多种不良生活方式有关,应引起高度重视。

Objective：To determine the prevalence of dyslipidemia in students from the primary and middle schools and the influential factors,and to provide evidence for the prevention and control of dyslipidemia and relevant chronic diseases in primary and middle schools.Methods：A total of 2 028 students aged 7 to 17 from the primary and middle schools in Changsha were selected by stratified random cluster sampling.The contents of the study included questionnaire survey,physical measurement and blood tests for fasting blood triglyceride（TG）,total cholesterol（TC）,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-C）,and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-C） levels.Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol（non-HDL-C） level was calculated by TC level minus HDL-C level.Chi-square test and non-conditional logistic regression model were used to analyze the factors that contributed to dyslipidemia.Results：The dyslipidemia rate was 18.6%,and the abnormal rates of TG,TC,LDL-C,nonHDL-C and HDL-C were 6.8%,5.6%,2.3%,4.2% and 8.6%,respectively.By chi-square test,the dyslipidemia rate in students with different ages,home locations,BMI groups,central obesity,time on watching TV or playing computer per day,and daily sleep time was statistically significant.Non-conditional logistic regression analysis showed that home location for the city（OR=1.332）,overweight（OR=1.548）,obesity（OR=2.201）,central obesity（OR=1.695）,watching TV or playing computer for more than 2 hours per day（OR=1.357）,daily sleep time longer than 11 hours（OR=2.518） were the risk factors for dyslipidemia in students from the primary and middle schools.Conclusion：Nearly 1/5 primary and middle school students show dyslipidemia,which is associated with obesity and other bad behaviors.