极旱荒漠植物对AM真菌物种多样性的影响

Effects of plants pecies on diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in extremely arid desert environment

2015年7月在甘肃安西极旱荒漠国家级自然保护区采集膜果麻黄Ephedra przewalskii、红砂Reaumuria songarica、合头草Sympegma regelii、泡泡刺Nitraria sphaerocarpa和珍珠猪毛菜Salsola passerine 5种典型荒漠植物根区土壤样品,分析了植物种类对arbuscular mycorrhiza(AM)真菌群落组成和生态分布的影响。在分离的7属45种AM真菌中包括无梗囊霉属Acaulospora 17种,球囊霉属Glomus 13种,这两属是5种植物共同优势属;盾巨孢囊霉属Scutellospora 5种,管柄囊霉属Funneliformis 4种,根内根生囊霉属Rhizophagus 3种,近明囊霉属Claroideoglomus 2种,多孢囊霉属Diversispora1种。主成分分析研究说明5种植物根区AM真菌群落组成和物种多样性差异显著。结果表明,植物种类对AM真菌群落组成和分布特征影响显著。

Soil samples（0–30cm deep） in the rhizosphere of Ephedra przewalskii, Reaumuria songarica, Sympegma regelii, Nitrarias phaerocarpa and Salsola passerine were collected in Anxi National Nature Reserve of Extremely Arid Desert in July, 2015. A total of 45 AM fungal species belonging to nine genera were isolated, including 17 species of Acaulospora, 13 species of Glomus, five species of Scutellospora, four species of Funneliformis, three species of Rhizophagus, two species of Claroideum, and one species of Diversispora. Acaulospora and Glomus were the dominant genus. There was significant differences in the community composition of AM fungi in the rhizosphere of different plants. Principal component analysis showed that there was significant differences in the distribution of AM fungi in the rhizosphere of different plants. The results come to the conclusion that plant species had significant effect on the community composition of AM fungi.