20世纪上半叶日本在福建的鸦片政策

The Opium Policy of Japanese in Fujian in the First Half of the 20th Century

日本割占台湾之后,福建成为台湾总督府"对岸经营"及日本"南进"政策的重要目标。为了在福建扶植潜在势力,日本领事馆庇护、放任台湾籍民(1)走私贩卖鸦片。台湾籍民借着治外法权的庇护,垄断了福建的鸦片市场,使福建烟毒泛滥,屡禁不止;而日本当局也从籍民的鸦片收入中得到"南进"政策各种活动所需的经费。全面抗战爆发后,日本海军再次利用台湾籍民在厦门、金门等占领区实行鸦片专卖制度,一方面为占领军和傀儡政府提供财源,另一方面利用"交通船"把鸦片运往内地套取粮食,以解决军粮供应,并为日军搜集各种情报。总之,日本是把鸦片和其他麻醉品作为征服中国的工具使用,而台湾籍民则成为日本鸦片政策的棋子。

After Taiwan was ceded to Japan, Fujian became an important target of Taiwan Japanese colonial government＇s ＂ Cross-Strait Management＂ and Japan＇s ＂ Marching South＂ policy. In order to cultivate potential supporters in Fujian, Japan Consulate provided protection for Taiwan Residents with Japanese nationalities and allowed them to smuggle opium. Under the protection of extraterritoriality, Taiwan Residents with Japanese nationalities monopolized Fujian＇s opium market. In result, the problem created by opium haunted the whole Fujian region and it became extremely difficult to prohibiting opium. The Japanese regime, however, benefited from the opium trade and the trade provided its ＂Marching South＂ policy with sufficient funding. After the Chinese Anti-Japanese War broke out completely, Japanese Navy again took advantage of Taiwan Residents with Japanese nationalities and built the opium monopoly system in its occupied areas, such as Xiamen and Jinmen. The system provided financial support for the occupation army and the puppet government. Japanese Navy also used ＂traffic boats＂ to ship opium into hinterland and exchange it for food, ensuring military provisions while gathering information for military use. In conclusion, Japan used opium and other drugs as the tools to conquer China, and Taiwan Residents with Japanese nationalities became the instruments of Japan＇s drug policy.