父母教养方式、领悟社会支持与大学生健康素养的关系

Relationship between parents' teaching way,understanding social support and health literacy in college students

目的:探讨父母教养方式、领悟社会支持和大学生健康素养水平的相关性。方法:采用父母教养方式问卷(中文版简式)、领悟社会支持量表、一般人口学资料、健康素养问卷,对安徽省某市三所高校的1 783名大学生进行不记名调查。结果:大学生健康素养得分为61.11分;健康知识和理念得分为62.75分;健康生活方式与行为得分为51.98分;健康技能得分为80.80分;多元回归分析结果表明:性别、年级、专业是作用于大学生健康素养的重要因素。大学生健康素养与父母拒绝因子、父母情感温暖因子分别呈显著负相关关系和显著正相关关系(P<0.01),和父母过度保护因子无相关性。大学生健康素养与领悟社会支持各维度呈显著正相关关系(P<0.01)。结论:大学生健康素养水平偏低,且其三个维度处于不均衡水平,健康技能水平偏高,而健康生活方式与行为水平偏低。父母情感温暖教养方式和领悟社会支持有利于提高大学生的健康素养水平;父母拒绝教养方式则相反。性别、年级、专业、父母亲拒绝、母亲情感温暖、母亲过度保护,领悟社会支持总分、朋友支持等因素均影响大学生健康素养水平。

Objective：To explore the correlations between the parents′ teaching way,understanding social support and health literacy in college students.Methods：One thousand seven hundred and eighty-three students from three colleges of Bengbu were investigated using the parents′ teaching way questionnaire,understanding social support scale,general demographic information and health literacy questionnaire.Results：The scores of the students＆#39; health literacy,health knowledge and belief,healthy life-style and behavior,and health skill were 61.11,62.75,51.98 and 80.80,respectively.Logistic regression analysis showed that the gender,grade,profession were the main influencing factors of the health literacy in college students.College students′ health literacy was significantly negatively and positively correlated with the parents′ rejection factors and parents′ emotional warmth factors,respectively（P〈0.01）,and which was not correlated with parents′ over protective factors.The health literacy of college students was significantly positive correlated with each dimension of understanding social support（P〈0.01）.Conclusions：The health literacy level of college students is low,and the three dimensions of which is unbalanced.The health skill level,and healthy lifestyle and behavior literacy levels in college students were higher and lower,respectively.The parents′ emotional warmth style and understanding social support can improve the health literacy level of college students,but for the parental refusal rearing pattern,it is contrary.The gender,grade,profession,parental refusal,mother＆#39;s emotional warmth,mother′s excessive protection,total score of understanding social support,and friend support can affect the health literacy of college students.