延边州留守学生健康相关生命质量性别差异的多状态Markov模型分析

Analysis of Gender Differences in Health Related Quality of Life Among Left Behind Students by Multi State Markov Model in Yanbian

目的:探讨留守学生健康相关生命质量的性别差异。方法:采用问卷调查法,抽取延边州2市1县的中小学生为调查对象,并应用多状态Markov模型分析不同性别留守学生的健康相关生命质量现状。结果:留守学生HRQL平均得分为(3.70±0.51)分,生理功能得分高于社会心理功能得分,且男生在各个维度的得分均高于女生;不同性别的留守学生在生理功能、情感功能、学校表现3方面存在明显差异(均P<0.05),其中学校表现(OR=0.770)是男生健康相关生命质量的保护因素,生理功能(OR=0.867)和情感功能(OR=0.844)是女生健康相关生命质量的保护因素。结论:留守学生的总体健康水平不高且性别差异显著,女生健康状况明显不如男生;建议在全社会大力改善留守学生健康状况的同时,更应该关注性别差异,制定有针对性的政策提高留守学生特别是女生的健康水平。

Objective： To explore the gender differences in health related quality of life among left behind students. Methods： A questionnaire survey was used to investigate the primary and middle school students in two cities and counties in Yanbian. The status of health related quality of life of the left behind children of different genders was analyzed using the multi state Markov model. Results： The HRQL average score of left behind children was （3.70 ± 0.51 ）. The physical function score was higher than the social psychological function and the boys＇ scores in each dimension were higher than that of girls. There were significant differences among left-behind children of different gender in physiological function, emotional function and school performance （P〈 0.05）. The school performance （OR= 0.770） was a protective factor for boy health related quality of life, physiological function （OR = 0.867） and emotional function （OR = 0.844） were protective factors for girls health related quality of life. Conclusion： The overall health level of children left behind was not high, and the health level was with significant gender differences. Especially the girls＇ health was left behind the boys＇. Therefore in the whole society to vigorously improve left-behind children＇s health at the same time, we should pay more attention to children left behind gender differences, so as to formulate specific policies to improve the health level of the left-behind children especially girls.