扬州市中学生吸烟行为及其影响因素分析

Analysis on Smoking Behavior and Its Influencing Factors of Middle School Students in Yanghzou City

目的:了解扬州市青少年吸烟情况及其影响因素,为科学地开展戒烟控烟干预提供参考。方法:采用便利取样法,对扬州市重点及普通中学1410名初高中学生进行自编问卷调查。结果:尝试吸烟率为11.6%,现在吸烟率为6.0%,从未吸烟率82.4%。吸烟者与非吸烟者在吸烟危害认知、戒烟难易评判、吸烟同伴多少、拒烟抗烟能力及半年内吸烟意向等变量上有显著性差异(均P<0.05)。结论:青少年吸烟呈低龄化趋势,吸烟者对烟草的危险认知偏低,结交吸烟的同伴多,缺少拒烟技巧,戒烟意向不强烈。教育部门应采取多方协作,注重对从未吸烟易感人群的早期预防干预;借鉴相关健康理论,通过健康教育,教授拒烟技巧,增强拒烟戒烟意向,促进拒烟戒烟行为。

Objective： To investigate the current smoking status and accordingly its influencing factors in Yangzhou middle and high school students. Methods： With stratified convenient cluster sampling method, a total of 1444 students were dropped out to complete the anonymous inquiry by self-made questionnaire. Results： 11.6% attempting smokers, 2.3% regular smokers and 82.4% never smokers were detected. Smokers vs. non-smokers significantly differed in the risk perception on tobacco and difficulty evaluation for smoking cessation, smokers and non-smokers also differed in the amount of smoke or non-smoke peers and strategies on smoking rejection （P〈0.05）. Conclusion： That Youth smoking presents a younger age trend, smokers lack of scientific knowl- edge on tobacco, and most of the smokers underestimated the risk of tobacco intaking and overestimated their ability of addiction cessation. Smokers made more friends with smoking partners, lack of smoking rejection skills and showed weak smoking cessation intention. In future, more attention should be payed to the never smoking vulnerable group and school health education should be conducted to cultivate anti-smoking skills and enhance their risk perception and as a result, to irritate anti-smoking intention and cessation action.