干旱区不同地下水位对棉花膜下滴灌灌溉制度的响应研究

Research on the influence of different ground water levels on the irrigation system of drip irrigation under cotton film in arid areas

地下水埋深对作物灌溉制度的制定及土壤次生盐碱化的防治具有重要影响。为研究不同地下水位对棉花膜下滴灌灌溉制度的影响,本文以新疆孔雀河流域为研究区,利用HYDRUS-2D软件对不同地下水位下的土壤含水率动态进行模拟,结果表明:地下水埋深为1m时,地下水对土壤水的补给作用较强,灌溉定额3000m3/hm2较为适宜;地下水埋深为2.0m时,灌溉定额4500m3/hm2较为适宜,此时棉花基本不受水分胁迫;地下水埋深为3m时,地下水对土壤水已无补给作用,灌溉定额5550m3/hm2较为合适,此时水分胁迫时间累计14d。研究结果为指导当地水资源开发利用及棉花种植业提供了重要参考。

Ground water burial depth has important influence on crop irrigation system formulation and soil secondary salinization prevention. In the paper, Xinjiang Kongque River Basin is regarded as a study area in order to study the influence of different ground water levels on irrigation system of irrigation urder cotton film. HYDRUS-2D software is utilized for stimulating soil water content rate dynamically under different ground water levels. Results show that ground water has stronger supplementing role on soil water when ground water burial depth is 1 m, and the irrigation quota of 3000m3/hm2 is relatively appropriate. When the ground water burial depth is 2. 0m, the irrigation quota of 4500m3/hm2 is more appropriate, cotton is not threatened by water basically under this condition. When the ground water burial depth is 3m, ground water has no supplementing role to soil water, and irrigation quota of 5550m3/hm2 is relatively appropriate, and water threatening time has been 14d cumulatively till present. The research results provide important reference for guiding local water resources development and utilization as well as cotton planting industry.