溃疡性结肠炎的研究进展

Research advances of the ulcerative colitis

溃疡性结肠炎是一种由免疫反应介导的慢性易复发的炎症肠病。最新研究表明多种基因异常导致T细胞对一系列肠道共生菌产生异常免疫反应,进而损伤肠黏膜是其主要病因。多种环境因素能瞬时破坏黏膜屏障,与基因异常共同作用,扰乱免疫反应或者肠道菌群,导致了溃疡性结肠炎的异质性。溃疡性结肠炎的异质性决定了其诊断的复杂性,目前的诊断主要依赖临床评估,内窥镜检测,组织学和生物学相结合的方法。治疗药物主要包括氨基水杨酸盐,免疫抑制剂和生物学抗体等。本文总结了溃疡性结肠炎的研究现状及进展,为结肠炎预防、诊断、治疗以及新药研发提供了新的策略。

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic and relapsing inflammatory bowel disease that is immunologically mediated.New studies indicate that various genetic abnormalities lead to overly aggressive T-cell responses to a subset of commensal enteric bacteria and in turn,injure the intestinal mucosa as the main pathogenesises. The instantaneous impact of environmental factors on mucous membrane barrier,disrupting the immune response or intestinal flora with genetic abnormalities,results in the heterogeneity of ulcerative colitis. The heterogeneity determines the diversity of its diagnosis which includes clinical assessment,endoscopic detection,histology and biology. The main therapeutic of ulcerative colitis are aminosalicylates,immunomodulators and biologics.This paper summarized the research status of ulcerative colitis and in order to provide a new strategy for prevention,diagnosis,treatment and drug research of ulcerative colitis.