南京民国政府农村家畜保险问题研究:基于政府与农民的视角

Research on Domestic Rural Animal Insurance During the Republican Period:From Government's and Farmers' Perspective

家畜保险作为近代农业保险的重要组成部分,在农民家庭和国民经济发展中具有重要地位,因而民国时期得到了优先推广。南京国民政府不仅颁布了家畜保险的法规和具体政策,而且还直接介入家畜保险事业的推进,形成了政府主导的推进模式。但家畜保险作为一种新兴的经济制度,起初农民对其并不认同。然而,随着政府宣传和农民从家畜保险中获得实实在在的利益,他们也逐渐改变了态度,家畜保险的推行变得相对顺利。通过对南京国民政府家畜保险研究,我们从中可以认识到,在民众还未充分认识到农业保险必要性的时候,充分利用政府组织来推进农业保险是当代中国政府可以借鉴的重要方式。

As a main part of agricultural insurance in China＇ s recent history, domestic animal insurance played an impor- tant role in the development of peasant family and national economy, and it had been popularized in the national government period. Nanjing national government not only promulgated the regulations and specific policies of livestock insurance, but also directly involved in the promotion of livestock insurance, forming a government led model, livestock insurance, as a new economic system, at first, farmers did not agree with it. They have gradually changed their attitudes and the implemen- tation of domestic animal insurance has become relatively smooth after the government＇s propaganda and farmers got real benefits from livestock insurance. Through the study of livestock insurance of Nanjing national government, it is government organizing and promoting agricultural insurance before the public can fully being aware of the necessity of agricultural insurance, which is an important way for the current government to learn.