肝癌血清自身抗体的研究进展

Research Progress of Serum Autoantibodies in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

肿瘤相关抗原会被机体的免疫系统识别而产生相应的自身抗体,其是非常有前景的肿瘤标志物之一,有多种途径可以检测和鉴别。而肝癌是最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,其预后差、致死率高。在向肝癌转变的过程中,抗肿瘤相关抗原抗体的出现甚至早于肿瘤相关抗原。目前,研究较多的抗肿瘤相关抗原抗体包括p53抗体、胰岛素样生长因子Ⅱ信使RNA结合蛋白家族抗体、抗Ku86蛋白抗体等。其中,新近发现的血清抗Ku86抗体的敏感性和特异性甚至高于甲胎蛋白,而糖调节蛋白78抗体与甲胎蛋白联合检测可以大大提高肝癌诊断的敏感性。因此,未来抗肿瘤相关抗原抗体可能成为更好地诊断肿瘤尤其是早期肿瘤的血清标志物。

The immune system can recognize tumor-related antigen and produce corresponding antibodies which are one of the very promising tumor markers. There are many kinds of ways to detect and identify them. Liver cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors with poor prognosis and high mortality rate. In the transition progress to liver cancer, the tumor-related antibodies occur earlier than the tumor-related antigens. At present, the anti-tumor-related antigen antibodies studied include p53 antibody,insulin-like growth factor 11 mRNA binding protein family antibody, anti-Ku86 protein anti-body and so on. Recently discovered anti-Ku86 in serum even has higher specificity and sensitivity than alpha fetoprotein, and the combination of the antibodies of the regulatory protein 78 and alpha fetoprotein can greatly improve the sensitivity of the diagnosis of liver cancer. Therefore, in the future anti-tumor associated antigen antibodies may become a better serum marker for the diagnosis of tumors, especially tumors at early stage.