2型糖尿病与促甲状腺激素及骨代谢关系的研究进展

Research Progress on the Relationship of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus-Thyroid Stimulating Hormone-Bone Metabolism

糖尿病及甲状腺疾病是内分泌最常见的代谢性疾病,2型糖尿病是糖尿病最常见的类型。2型糖尿病患病率逐渐增加,已成为威胁人类健康的慢性代谢性疾病,其合并甲状腺功能异常表现不一,临床中主要以亚临床甲状腺功能减退或甲状腺功能减退较常见。2型糖尿病可通过多因素作用直接或间接影响促甲状腺激素(TSH)水平,使TSH降低或升高。TSH经骨组织上的TSH受体介导调节骨代谢,一定程度的TSH改变使成骨细胞与破骨细胞活性改变,甚至导致骨代谢失衡,TSH降低对骨代谢不利,TSH一定程度升高对骨有保护作用。

Diabetes melhtus and thyroid disease are the most common metabolic diseases of endocrine disease. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the most common type of diabetes melhtus. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is increasing and has become a chronic metabolic disease that threatens human health. Type 2 diabetes mellitus with thyroid dysfunction is different. However,the subclinical hypothyroidism or hypothyroidism is more common. Type 2 diabetes mellitus can directly or indirectly affect thyroid-stimulating hormone（TSH） levels by multiple factors, resulting in TSH level decrease or increase. TSH regulates bone metabolism through TSH receptors on bone tissue. A certain degree of TSH changes regulate osteoblast and osteoclast activities, and even lead to bone metabolism imbalance. TSH decrease has adverse influence on bone metabolism, and a certain degree of increase of TSH protects the bone metabolism.