创业机会对产品属性、竞争优势及利润的影响——上游新组件形成的创业机会研究

The Impact of Entrepreneurial Opportunities on Product Attributes,Competitive Advantages and Profits:A Study of Entrepreneurial Opportunities Formed by The Upstream New Component

本研究选择相同产业成长期和技术改变期,探究利用上游新组件形成的机会创业的类型,研究的主要问题是:哪些机会因素产生差异化后的产品属性、竞争优势和利润?通过采用案例研究方法,本文建立了"创业机会→产品竞争力属性→优势→利润"的理论模型。研究发现:初始创业机会的价值由四个变量构成:(1)上游新组件有价值的差异程度;(2)下游细分市场整体需求强度;(3)竞争情势有利程度,包含既有竞争者数量、潜在竞争者行动延迟程度;(4)职能互补厂商的知识强度。它们产生上市后产品有价值的差异程度、产品稀少程度、产品需求强度,这三个变量影响竞争优势,再影响企业未来利润。创业者的产业知识强度大是创业成功的必要条件。研究成果具体分析了创业机会的本质、构成、功能与后果的关系。

This research studies the types of opportunities formed by upstream new component at the same industry growth stage and technological change stage. The main research question is： what factors construct an opportunity producing product differentiation attributes competitive ad-vantage and profit, Using case study research method, this paper builds a theoretical model of ‘ entrepreneurial opportunity - product competitiveness attributes - competitive advantage - profit5. The findings are as follows：The value of the initial entrepreneurial opportunities is made up of the following variables ： ①the new component valuable difference extent; ② the overall de mand intensity in the new downstream market segment; ,the beneficial extent of competitive sit-uation, including the number of present competitors, the potential competitors, action delay ex-tent; ,knowledge intensity of the functional complementary firm. They produce the product val-uable difference extent,the product rareness and the product demand intensity. The three varia-bles affect the competitive advantage,which will in turn affect the future profit. The inner-indus- trial knowledge intensity of entrepreneurs is a necessary condition for success. The results clearly explain the relations of nature,structure,functions and the consequences of entrepreneurial oppor-tunities.