辽代契丹人的忠德观

The Sence of Loyalty in the Liao Dynasties

唐末五代时期,契丹人在我国北部建立了辽国。随着辽国与中原国家的交往频繁,契丹人从政治生活、文化风俗等各个方面都深深受到汉族制度和习俗的影响。在道德方面,契丹社会普遍认同于汉人的忠德观。契丹人忠德观的确立与耶律阿保机建立君主世袭的专制政权密不可分,是辽国君主加强君主专制的思想武器。同时,辽国君主还通过广赐涉忠的功臣号和谥号来褒扬忠德,鼓励臣子尽忠。忠德观在辽代时期广泛盛行于契丹社会上上下下,忠成为人们评价臧否人物的重要标准和依据。忠德观贯穿辽国始终,并在辽灭亡后深深地植根于契丹后人的精神血脉中。

The late Tang and Five Dynasties, the Khitan people established the Liao Dynasty in the north-ern part of china. With the communication of Liao Dynasty and central country, the Khitan people had been deeply influenced by the Han system and customs from political life to culture and customs. In the moral aspect, the Khitan society had generally agreed to the Chinese idea of loyalty. The loyalty of Khitan being the ideological weapon of monarchy was established a hereditary monarch. Liao Dynasty monarch had been consolidated by encouraging men to loyalty. Loyalty was widely prevalent over the society and become an important standard about person moral character in the Liao Dynasty period. The idea of loyalty had been infiltrated through the Liao Liao always, and deeply rooted in the human spirit blood.