《民法总则》重要条文的理解与适用

The Understanding and Application of Some Important Articles of The General Provisions of Civil Law

《民法总则》的颁布与施行对于民法理论与司法实务具有重大的影响与意义。应当着重对《民法总则》的重要条文进行解读,从而阐明其立法目的、理论依据及适用规则。主要包括民法法源,自然人出生、死亡时间的证据规则,对胎儿的特殊保护规定,法人成员的有限责任,法定代表人,法人的登记,清算,设立人、出资人权利滥用与法人人格否认,法人决议的撤销,民事权利中的人格权及禁止权利滥用原则,民事法律行为效力的相关规定,职务代理与狭义无权代理,以及民事责任方面紧急救助及侵害英雄烈士人格利益等民事责任的认定。

The promulgation and enforcement of The General Provisions of Civil Law are of great significance to the civil law theory and the judicial practice. We should pay attention to the interpretation of the important provisions of The General Provisions of Civil Law, thereby clarifying the legislative purpose,theoretical basis and its application rules. This paper discusses the following topics： the civil law authorities;the evidential rules of the time of birth and death of natural persons; the special protection rules for the fetus;the limited liability of the members of the legal persons; the legal representatives; the registration, liquidation and the founders of the legal persons; the abuse of investors＇rights and the disregard of the corporate personality; the revocation of legal persons＇resolution; the rights to personality in civil law and the prohibition of abuse of rights; the rules of the validity of the civil juristic acts; the agency in duty and the unauthorized agency in a narrow sense; the civil liability of the emergent rescue and the infringement on personality interests of heroes and martyrs.