新疆医科大学新生口腔保健知识和态度行为相关调查

The investigation of oral health knowledge and behavior of fresh year undergraduates in Xinjiang Medical University

目的了解新疆医科大学新生口腔保健知识掌握情况及就医行为,为制订高校大学生口腔保健教育规划提供科学依据。方法参照第三次全国口腔健康流行病学抽样调查的要求设计调查表,选择2016级新疆医科大学新入学大学生798人进行问卷调查,比较新生在口腔自我保健知识及态度行为方面的差异。结果 (1)66.78%的学生采用横刷、竖刷相结合的方法,仍有4.91%的学生认为横刷牙法是正确的;63.26%的学生在进食甜食后不漱口或者刷牙。农村和城镇学生刷牙次数、刷牙时间、更换牙刷时间、清洁舌苔等口腔保健行为差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(2)79.30%的学生没有口腔检查习惯;农村和城镇学生因龋病、牙齿变色、牙龈出血、牙痛而就医的行为差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(3)54.43%的学生不知道牙菌斑,21.52%、24.05%的学生有口臭、牙龈出血的困扰,78.48%的学生不知道牙龈出血的治疗方法。结论农村和城镇学生口腔保健知识和行为认知上存在差异,需采取多样性的卫生宣教,提高大学生口腔自我保健意识和态度行为认知水平。

Objective To understand the knowledge of oral health care and the behavior of medical care among freshmen in Xinjiang Medical University,thereby providing scientific basis for developing oral health education program for College Students.Methods Questionnaires were designed in accordance with the requirements of the third national oral health epidemiological sampling survey.A questionnaire survey was conducted among 798 freshmen enrolled in 2016 grade at Xinjiang Medical University.The differences in oral health care knowledge,attitudes and behaviors among freshmen were compared.Results（1）66.78% of students used horizontal brushing and vertical brushing,but 4.91% of them thought that the method of horizontal brushing was correct.63.26% of the students did not rinse or brush their teeth after eating sweets.There were significant differences in oral health behaviors among rural and urban students in terms of brushing frequency,brushing time,times of changing toothbrush and cleaning tongue coating（P 〈0.05）;（2）79.30% of the students did not get into the habit of oral examination;there was statistically significant difference between rural and urban students in dental caries,tooth discoloration,gingival bleeding,toothache and medical treatment（P 0.05）;（3）54.43% of the students do not know the plaque,21.52%,24.05% of students have bad breath,gum bleeding problems,and 78.48% of students do not know the treatment of gingival bleeding.Conclusion Our study exhibits that there were striking significant difference in oral health care knowledge and behavior cognition between rural and urban students,suggesting that it is necessary to adopt a variety of health education programs to improve their awareness of oral health care and attitude and behavior cognition.