定向水力压裂治理冲击地压的研究及应用

Research and application of directional hydraulic fracturing for rock burst control

随着矿井开采深度的逐渐增加和开采强度的增大,矿井发生冲击地压的频率也在不断增加,冲击地压问题已成为阻碍煤矿安全高效生产的瓶颈。针对五阳矿煤层顶板坚硬、强度高以及在工作面回采时不能及时垮落的问题,鉴于该矿实际地质条件的限制无法采用传统的超前深孔预裂爆破弱化方式控制顶板,采用定向水力压裂技术对7602工作面顶板进行弱化处理的试验研究。结果表明:定向水力压裂后,工作面顶板初次垮落步距与周期来压步距有所减小,且来压强度低;工作面回采巷道两帮移近量与顶底板移近量控制在安全使用范围之内,变形量有较大幅度减小。在易发生动力灾害的矿井中,采用定向水力压裂方法弱化工作面顶板可以减小矿井发生冲击地压的频率。

With the gradual increase of mining depth and the increase of mining intensity,the frequency of rockburst was increasing,and the problem of impact pressure has become a bottleneck that hinders the safe and efficient production of coal mine. For Wuyang Coal Mine coal roof dense and hard,high strength,could not be with the collapse of the mining face problems due to physical constraints could not be mine using conventional lead hole pre-splitting blasting weakening roof approach to the issue,we decided to experimental studied on weakening treatment of 7602 working face by directional hydraulic fracturing technology. The results showed that： after directional hydraulic fracturing,face roof breaking down at first pitches and periodic weighting step distance has been reduced,and the pressure to low intensity; face roadway between two groups closer to the amount of control the amount of roof and floor closer within the safe range,the amount of deformation of a relatively large decrease. In the mine prone to dynamic disaster,the use of directional hydraulic fracturing method to weaken the roof of the work surface can reduce the frequency of rockburst pressure.