从唯物史观释读霍布斯鲍姆技术价值思想的多重意蕴

Multiple Implications of Eric Hobsbawm's View of Technological Value from the Perspective of Historical Materialism

霍布斯鲍姆,作为英国新马克思主义代表人物,认为技术作为人类实践活动之一,它绝非中立的,而是必然寓于一定历史条件下人类社会目标之中、始终无法逍遥于人类价值观念之外——技术是荷载价值的。他始终坚持唯物史观的哲学立场,以"自下而上"的历史研究方法研究社会底层历史与人类实践的微观史实,将技术复位于工业生产史与人类发展史相统一的"总体史"之中加以说明其价值,强调技术价值应以人类的工业活动为实践经验基础、以人的自由全面发展为最终旨归。他提出技术价值主要包括技术的生产力价值、社会革命价值、文化价值与人本价值。

As a representative personage of the British New Marxism, Eric Hobsbawm regarded technology as one of the human practices, which is not neutral but must reside tn the goal of human society in a certain historical condition while it can＇ wander outside of human values tn th at technology is value loaded. Heconstantly held the standpoint of historical materialism all alone, and researched the micro cosmic historical facts of social underclass and human practices by adopting the historical ^bottom up” approach. To Ho bsb awm, technological value should be reset to the “ total h is tory” covering both tndustrial history and human history , whose emphasis should be based on the practical experience of the mankind’s activities as well as the ultimate aim of human beings’ free and comprehensive development. Technological value should tnclude productivity value,social revolution value, cultural value and human-oriented value.