我国按摩师队伍发展现状研究

Analysis of current status on development of masseurs in China

目的分析我国按摩师队伍发展现状及问题,为我国健康服务业和按摩行业政策制定提供参考。方法通过文献检索和专家访谈等方法,对既往文献进行梳理和研究,结合领域内专家意见和从业人员的真实反馈进行系统性、整体性的研究。结果目前,我国拥有大约60万人从事保健按摩行业,并且从业人员中相当比例的是盲人按摩师,其中,仅有9万余人获得了国家认可的从业资格证明。而经有关部门测算,我国应该达到的按摩师规模是每千人拥有5名左右专业保健按摩师,即共需要800万保健按摩师,尤其是中高级按摩师。结论由于管理体制和机制尚不健全,我国按摩师队伍建设中仍存在指导性政策缺失,行业发展缺乏动力与保障;管理体制不顺畅,职责不明晰;按摩师供给不足,整体服务能力弱;盲人按摩师职业发展受限,缺乏保障措施等问题和困境,阻碍了按摩行业的发展。建议加快出台国家层面的政策法规,规范市场管理;建立健全按摩师培训体系,充分利用高校资源;推动盲人按摩师队伍发展,完善配套措施。

Objective To promote the development of Chinese health care and massage industry, to assist in National Fitness Strategy, and to improve the mechanism of masseurs management and training. Methods We conducted an all-round and systemic research by way of literature review and experts interviewing questionnaire, combined with the experts5 opinions and masseurs’ feedback. Results Nowadays, there are about 0.6 million masseurs in China, and the majority of them are the blind people. However, only about 90 thousand masseurs are certificated. Accounting to the labor related department, we need 5 masseurs per one thousand person, so there are still eight million masseurs in need, especially the middle and advanced masseurs. Conclusion With the lack of relevant policy, the development of the massage industry lacks power and guarantee. The responsibility of stakeholders is not clear either. Meanwhile, the problems of short supply, low service ability and loss of guarantee cause difficulties in the development of massage. Advice The government and relevant departments should introducing policies to standardize the market management, further improve the massage training system, make full use of the resources in colleges and universities, promote the development of blind masseurs, and perfect relevant measures.