莱州湾扇贝养殖区水体质量调查

Investigation on Water Quality of Scallop Aquaculture Areas in Laizhou Bay

[目的]了解莱州湾扇贝养殖区水体质量。[方法]于2015年4—11月对扇贝养殖区水体质量进行了8个航次的调查,并采用营养状态质量指数、内梅罗环境质量综合评价等进行综合评价。[结果]各养殖区水温变化范围为19.6~26.6℃,平均水温23.39℃,适宜扇贝的养殖;pH变化范围为7.94~8.48,符合二类水质标准,可以满足渔业养殖需求;盐度变化范围为29.38‰~30.80‰,平均盐度在30.10‰左右,起伏变化小,适宜扇贝的生长;溶解氧含量变化范围为6.31~8.29 mg/L,平均值为7.28 mg/L,达到一类水质标准;化学需氧量达到二类水质标准,水质清洁;营养盐含量、营养状态水平偏高,适宜条件下可能发生赤潮;内梅罗污染指数较低,水质清洁。[结论]此次调查海域水体质量较高,符合二类或以上水质标准,适宜扇贝养殖,但仍应控制外源污染的输入,防范赤潮的发生。

[Objective]To investigate the water quality of Laizhou Bay scallop aquaculture areas.[Method]Eight voyages of surveys were made on water quality of scallop aquaculture areas from April to November of 2015.The evaluation of eutrophication index and Nemerow index were adopted to evaluate the water quality.[Result]The water temperature changed in the range of 19.6 ℃ to 26.6 ℃,the average value was 23.39 ℃,which was suitable for scallop culture.pH changed in the range of 7.94 to 8.48,which accorded with Grade Ⅱ water quality standards and met the demands of fishery breeding.Salinity changed in the range of 29.38‰ to 30.80‰,the average value was about 30.10‰ with slight fluctuation,which was suitable for the growth of scallop.Dissolved oxygen（DO） content changed in the range of 6.31 mg/L to 8.29 mg/L,the average value was 7.28 mg/L,which accorded with Grade Ⅰ water quality standards.Chemical oxygen demand（COD） reached Grade Ⅱ water quality standards.The water was at clean level,nutrient salt and nutritional status were too high,which might cause red tide.Nemerow pollution index was low and the water was in good condition.[Conclusion]The water quality of investigated area exceeded Grade Ⅱ water quality standards,which was suitable for scallop aquaculture.However,it was necessary to control the input of external pollution and prevent the occurrence of red tide.