杭白菊引种与品质研究

Study on Introduction and Quality of Chrysanthemum morifolium

[目的]研究杭白菊在安徽亳州市、山西芮城县和太谷县的引种表现,以满足引种地对杭白菊的需求,扩大杭白菊的生产区域和栽培面积。[方法]观察和测定杭白菊在3个引种地的物候期、产量性状、生长开花习性和品质。[结果]从5年的引种结果看,芮城和太谷引种2地的杭白菊花芽分化期均比原产地早,如初花期桐乡市为10月25日,而太谷县为10月5日,比原产地早开花20余d;越向北引种越有产量下降和植株增高的趋势,引种2地(芮城、太谷)的产量均比原产地低;初开杭白菊各项指标均比较好,但产量过低,半开花期和盛开花期采收的产量和各指标都符合生产需要,为采收适宜期。[结论]引种地亳州市和芮城县可成为杭白菊新的生产基地;而太谷县在个别年份,开花期遇霜冻,产品变质而不能入药,目前还不是杭白菊的安全生产地,需要继续驯化。

[Objective]To study the introduction performance of Chrysanthemum morifolium in Bozhou City of Anhui, Ruicheng and Taigu of Shanxi, to meet the demand of C.morifolium in the introduction area, and to expand the production area and planting area of C.morifolium.[Method]The phenology, yield traits,growth, flowering habits and quality of C.morifolium in 3 introduced fields were observed and measured.[Result]From the introduction of 5 years results,flower bud differentiation stage of the C.Morifolium in Ruicheng and Taigu was earlier than that in the origin.In Tongxiang, early flowering period was in October 25th, while in Taigu, early flowering period was in October 5th, The former was earlier 20 days than that in the origin.With the introduction to the north,the production decreased and the plants height increased.The yields in Ruicheng and Taigu were lower than that in the origin.At the beginning of C.morifolium, all the indexes were better, but yield was too low.It was a suitable period for harvesting that the harvested yield and all the indexes meet production needs in half flowering and bloom stage.[Conclusion]Bozhou City and Ruicheng County can become the C.morifolium production base.