滥用市场支配地位“正当理由”的参考因素研究?

Study on Reference Factors of “Justifiable Reasons” in the Abuse of Dominant Market Position

"无正当理由"是反垄断法滥用市场支配地位中的一项认定条件,然而其模糊性和难以准确适用的特点,使得司法实践中正当理由判定缺少论述理由、缺乏标准、适用逻辑不清;各种学说观点只给出各有侧重的价值判断,缺乏具有可操作性的明确标准。市场竞争的复杂性决定了只从法律抽象的角度分析垄断问题远远不够,结合法学与经济学视角,正当理由认定的参考因素及其逻辑应是:首先,正当理由的讨论前提是行为可能产生限制竞争的效果;其次,此前提下企业的行为可以增加消费者的长期福利,则企业的行为具有正当理由;最后,如果企业行为可能损害消费者的长期福利,而企业举证这是市场环境等约束条件下理性企业经营的必然要求,则也应当认为具有正当理由。

＂Without justifiable reasons＂ is one of the conditions for the Abuse of Dominant Market Posi-tion in the Anti - Monopoly Law. However,the ambiguity and difficulty in accurately applying it make it lack of proof of exposition, lack of standards and applicable logic in judging the justifiable reasons in judi-cial practice. All kinds of theories give only the value judgment from different perspectives without specific standard in operation. The complexity of market competition determines that it is far from enough to ana-lyze the monopoly problem only from an abstract perspective of law. Combined with law and economics, the reference factors and logic in determining Justifiable Reasons should be ： First of all, the premise in discussing Justifiable Reasons is that the behavior may have the effect of restricting competition ; Second-ly ,if the behavior of enterprises could increase the long - term welfare of consumers, then the behavior of the enterprise has a Justifiable Reason; Finally, if the behavior of the enterprise may damage the long - term welfare of the consumer,and the enterprise proves that it is the inevitable requirement for rational en-terprises under the restriction of the market environment, it should also be considered to have Justifiable Reasons.