烤烟井窖式移栽下不同密度和留叶数对质体色素及其降解产物含量的影响

Effects of Different Planting Density and Remained Leaves Number on Contents of Chromoplast Pigments and Their Degraded Products in Flue-cured Tobacco Leaves under Well-cellar Transplanting

为探讨烤烟井窖式移栽下烟株的适宜群体结构,提高烟叶品质,以烤烟品种云烟87为材料,采用田间试验,研究了井窖式移栽下不同密度和留叶数对烤烟质体色素及其降解产物含量的影响。结果表明:烤烟井窖式移栽下,密度、留叶数、密度×留叶数互作对质体色素及其降解产物含量均有显著影响。随密度降低,烤后烟叶叶绿素含量呈"V"形变化趋势,新植二烯、类胡萝卜素及其降解产物含量均呈先增加后降低的趋势;不同留叶数处理比较,叶绿素a、叶绿素b和叶绿素总量均表现为B3(24片/株)>B1(18片/株)>B2(22片/株),且B2处理叶绿素、类胡萝卜素降解产物含量均最高。不同密度与留叶数互作处理烤后烟叶叶绿素降解产物新植二烯含量和类胡卜素降解产物总量均以A2B2[密度16 675株/hm^2(行株距100 cm×60 cm)+留叶数22片/株]最高,分别为1 095.15μg/g和69.561 7μg/g,占挥发性香气物质总量的89.29%和5.67%。综合分析,井窖式移栽下,密度16 675株/hm^2(行株距100 cm×60 cm)+留叶数22片/株的群体结构有利于提高烟叶品质。

In order to investigate the population structure and improve the aroma quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves under well-cellar transplanting,this paper used flue-cured tobacco variety Yuyan 87 as material to study the effects of different planting density and remained leaf number on contents of chromoplast pigment and their degraded products in the flue-cured tobaccos under well-cellar transplanting. The results showed that planting density,remained leaf number and their interaction had significant effects on contents of chromoplast pigment and their degraded products in flue-cured tobacco leaves under well-cellar transplanting. After flue-curing,the chlorophyll content showed a ＂V＂shape trend,and the contents neophytadiene,carotenoid and their degradation products increased first and then declined with the decrease of planting density. Through the comparison between different remained leaf number treatments,the orders of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll contents were B3（24 leaves per plant） B1（18 leavesper plant） B2（22 leaves per plant）,and B2 treatment had the highest contents of chromoplast pigment and carotenoid degradation products. In different treatments of planting density and the remained leaf number interaction,A2B2treatment[16 675 plants/ha（ plant spacing was 100 cm × 60 cm）,remained leaves numbers of 22 leaves per plant]was the highest in neophytadiene and carotenoid degradation products contents,which were 1 095. 15 μg/g and 69. 561 7 μg/g respectively,accounting for 89. 29% and5. 67% of the total volatile aroma contents. Therefore,A2B2 treatment was an effective population structure for improving the aroma quality in flue-cured tobacco leaves under well-cellar transplanting.