用唯物史观指导中国当代史理论研究的开展

On the Development of Theoretical Research of Chinese Contemporary History under the Guidance of Historical Materialism Views

中国当代史的理论研究与其他史学研究相比,具有更强烈的现实性和政治性。只有用唯物史观对中国当代史的理论研究进行指导,才能更好地推动这一研究的深入开展和学科体系、话语体系的构建,更有力地批判和抵制历史虚无主义思潮。文章具体分析了运用人类历史发展阶段最终决定于社会形态的理论回答中国当代史分期的问题,运用社会变迁和人的动机最终决定于物质生产发展的理论回答向社会主义提前过渡的问题,运用人们是在既定条件下创造历史和历史运动的本质最终决定于主要矛盾的主要方面的理论回答改革开放前后历史主流的问题,运用上层建筑最终决定于经济基础的理论回答新中国实行共产党领导制度的问题,运用阶级社会的意识形态领域斗争本质上反映的是阶级斗争的理论回答历史虚无主义性质的问题等例子,用以说明只有用唯物史观指导,中国当代史的理论问题才可能得到正确解答。

Compared with other historical research, the theoretical questions for Chinese contemporary history are more realistic and political. Only under the guidance of the historical materialism for the theoretical research of Chinese contemporary history, can theory of Chinese contemporary history be better promoted and the discipline and discourse system be con-structed. Certainly it helps to criticize and resist historical nihilism effectively. This paper aims to prove the necessity of the historical materialism in the theoretical research of Chinese contemporary history through the exemplary use of some concrete theories to solve some specific problems. Taking the following theories for examples, the theory that the development of human history stage is deter-mined by the social form can render a proper answer for the Chinese contemporary history stage problem ; the theory that the social change and human motivation is determined by the development of material production can correctly answer the question of early transition to socialism ; the theory that the history is created by the human beings at certain condition and the essence of the historical movement determines the main aspects of the principle contradiction can make the main historical mainstream before the reform and opening- up better acknowledged; the theory that the superstructure is determined by the economic base can make necessity of the leadership of Communist Party in new-China better understood ; the theory that the ideological struggle in the class society eventually reflects the class struggle within it can make the questions of the essence and analysis of historical nihilism properly responded.