新加坡植物园景观审美的三个变迁阶段

The Three Stages of the Singapore Botanic Gardens' Landscape Aesthetics

新加坡植物园起初为英属殖民地的热带观赏性花园,2015年被列入世界文化遗产名录,是全球植物园可持续发展的优秀案例之一。以冯纪忠有关风景园林历史评价的"形情理神意"为基础,将新加坡植物园的景观审美历程分为"理的仿植""重理塑情""情神升华"3个重要阶段,认为随着新加坡知识经济国家战略的推行,其将走向"理"的扩展趋势。新加坡植物园不仅是植物集存地,更是国家、民族身份认知地,其营造经验为推进中国植物园景观的审美文化转型提供示范。

The Singapore Botanic Gardens used to be a British colonial tropical ornamental garden andwas listed as the World Cultural Heritage site in 2015. Based on the evaluation system of landscape architecture history ＂Qing-Xing-Li-Shen-Yi＂ developed by Mr. Feng Jizhong, the landscape aesthetic and cultural history of the Singapore Botanic Gardens can be divided into three stages, the logical transplanting imitation from the British,the focusing on theform and strengthening the nationalidentity, and the sublimating spirit. The Botanical Gardens is not only a plant bank, but also a place to acknowledge and comprehend the national identity. The constructional experience of the Singapore Botanic Gardens will provide a model to promote landscape aesthetics cultural transformation of botanic gardens in China.