40月生赤桉家系抗风性评价及选择

Evaluation and Selection of Wind Resistance for 40 Months of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Family

为了选择优良赤桉抗风家系,对114个40月生赤桉家系进行生长性状树高、胸径、冠幅、单株材积、树皮厚度和无损木材性状Pilodyn值进行测定和遗传分析。结果表明:树高、胸径、单株材积、冠幅、风害等级、Pilodyn值、树皮厚度、保存率等8个研究性状中除胸径间差异为显著差异(p<0.05)外其余性状间差异性极显著(p<0.01)。不同赤桉林木单株存在着较大的差异,表型变异系数超过15%,风害等级变异系数达到77.84%,赤桉家系间性状各性状中家系遗传力均高于单株遗传力,其中树高、胸径、冠幅、单株材积、Pilodyn值和风害等级均受高等强度的遗传控制(遗传力大于0.40)。风害等级遗传、环境、理论表型变异系数最大、单株材积次之。风害等级与树高遗传相关、环境相关、理论表型相关关系中均呈极显著负相关,与材积遗传、环境相关性极显著,与胸径、Pilodyn值遗传相关呈极显著相关性(rp=-0.341,rp=-0.476)。对各性状不同权重系数进行综合评定选择的15个优良家系,再进一步从生长(遗传增益>10%)及抗风性能(遗传增益<-10%)方面选择出3个优良家系为20026、20027、2002。遗传增益分析表明选择的家系生长性状均高于参试家系平均值,而提高了家系的抗风性。

In order to select strong wind resistance Eucalyptus camaldulensis family, the growth traits of tree height, DBH, crown diameter, volume, bark thickness and non-destructive wood traits（Pilodyn value） of 114 E.camaldulensis families for 40 months were measured and genetic analyzed. The results showed that the difference reached extremely significant level（p0.01） in the traits of tree height, crown diameter, volume, bark thickness.Pilodyn value and the difference reached significant（p0.05） in DBH. There was a large difference in the single plant of Eucalyptus urophylla, the phenotypic coefficient of variance was more than 15%, and the coefficient of variation of wind damage rank was 77.84%. The family heritability was higher than the single plant of E. camaldulensis. Tree height, DBH, crown diameter, volume, pilodyn and wind resistance rank family heritability were all under high genetic control（heritability greater than 0.40）. The phenotypic coefficient variation coefficient, genetic variation coefficient and environmental variation coefficient of volume were the highest and wind resistance rank as follows.There was a significant correlation between wind resistance rank and tree height in genetic correlation, environmental correlation and theoretical phenotypic correlation. The genetic correlation, environment correlation relationship had a significant negative correlation with volume and wind resistance rank. The genetic correlation between wind resistance rank and DBH, Pilodyn value was highly significant（rp=-0.341, rp=-0.476）. 15 excellent families with different weight coefficients were selected and evaluated comprehensively, and 3 excellent families were selected from the growth（genetic gain10%） and wind resistance（genetic gain -10%） as 20026, 20027,2002. Genetic gain analysis showed that the growth traits of the selected families were higher than the average of the tested families, and the wind resistance of the E.camaldulensis families was improved.