生物医用形状记忆高分子材料

Biomedical Shape Memory Polymers

形状记忆聚合物作为一种智能材料,已经在生物医用领域显示出了巨大的应用前景。基于形状记忆聚合物材料的原理,组成和结构可以设计兼具生物降解性、生物相容性等多种功能的新型智能材料。本文综述了三种典型的生物降解性形状记忆聚合物材料(聚乳酸、聚己内酯、聚氨酯)的发展,从结构上对三种形状记忆聚合物进行了分类讨论,详细分析了不同种类聚合物形状记忆的机理、形状变化的固定率和回复率、回复速率等,并介绍了一些形状记忆聚合物材料在生物医学中的应用。最后对医用形状记忆聚合物未来发展进行了展望:双程形状记忆聚合物及体温转变形状记忆材料将会受到研究者的重点关注。

Shape memory polymers（SMPs） are a class of functional ＂smart＂ materials that have shown bright prospects in the area of biomedical applications.The novel smart materials with multifunction of biodegradability and biocompatibility can be designed based on their general principle, composition and structure.In this review, the latest process of three typical biodegradable SMPs（poly（lactide acide）, poly（ε-caprolactone）, polyurethane） was summarized.These three SMPs were classified in different structures and discussed, and shape-memory mechanism, recovery rate and fixed rate, response speed was analysed in detail, also, some biomedical applications were presented.Finally, the future development and applications of SMPs are prospected： two-way SMPs and body temperature induced SMPs will be the focus attension by researchers.