农民问题消解与“人的城镇化”使命

The Resolution of Peasant Problems and the Mission of the People-centered Urbanization

中国农民问题由来已久,在不同的历史时期有不同的表现形式,如贫困问题、改造问题、吃饱饭问题、负担重问题、增收问题等,其中土地问题、权利问题尤其突出。上世纪50年代中后期形塑的城乡二元结构,不仅造成了严重的农民问题,而且形成农民问题与农村问题、农业问题叠加、掣肘的局面,农民问题变得愈发难以解决。城镇化发展改变了农民问题的社会情境,农民因进城打工而使问题具有城镇性。如此,农民问题的解决不能局限于农村社会,需要坚持城乡一体化发展理念,促进"人的城镇化"发展,进而不断地减少农民、转移农民,最终彻底解决农民问题。

The problem of Chinese peasants is long-standing,and many problems occur with different forms in different historical periods,such as poverty,transformation,feeding themselves,heavy burden,increment duty,etc.,and the land problem and right problem are most serious. In the mid and late 1950 s,urban-rural dual structure was shaped. It caused serious farmer problems as well as a more severe situation,where peasant problems were overlapped and involved with rural and agricultural issues. Thus,the peasant problem has become increasingly difficult to solve. In the process of urbanization,peasants' social situation has been changed,and the peasant problem is related to the urbanization because of peasants migrating into cities. To resolve the peasant problem,we should not confine it to the rural society. We should adhere to the concept of integration of urban-rural development and promote the people-centered urbanization,then gradually reduce the number of the peasant and change their status,and finally solve the problem completely.