滨梅离体培养初探

Study on in Vitro Culture of Prunus maritima

以当年生滨梅的幼花托、新萌发的幼叶及新萌发的嫩茎段为外植体,研究其初代培养中的无菌体系建立、愈伤组织诱导及茎段的腋芽萌发等。试验结果表明:花托和幼嫩叶片均以升汞处理5~8min的无菌成活率最高;升汞处理10min时,无菌死亡率大幅度提高,造成无菌成活率下降;新萌发的茎段以升汞处理5min时,灭菌效果最好,无菌成活率达46.7%。花托诱导愈伤组织的最佳培养基是MS+TDZ(0.2 mg·L^(-1))+2,4-D(3.0mg·L^(-1)),愈伤组织诱导率是100%;叶片诱导愈伤组织的最佳培养基是MS+2,4-D(1.0 mg·L^(-1))+TDZ(0.2mg·L^(-1))+6-BA(0.5mg·L^(-1)),愈伤组织诱导率是66.7%;茎段诱导腋芽萌发的最佳培养基是MS+6-BA(0.5mg·L^(-1))+TDZ(0.2mg·L^(-1)),其萌芽率为42.3%,且芽体生长健壮。

In this paper,the establishment of aseptic system,callus induction and axillary bud germination of stem section were studied with torus,young leaves and new germination stem segments as explants.The results showed that the sterile survival rate of torus and young leaves was the highest in 5 treatment for 5~8 minutes.During the treatment of 10 minutes,the aseptic rate of sterilization increased significantly,resulting in a decline in the rate of aseptic survival.When new germination stem segments were treated with mercuric chloride for 5 minutes,the sterilization was the best,and the survival rate was 46.7%.The optimum medium of callus induced by torus was MS+TDZ(0.2 mg·L^(-1))+2,4-D(3.0 mg·L^(-1)).The optimum medium of callus induced by young leaves was MS+2,4-D(1.0 mg·L^(-1))+ TDZ(0.2 mg·L^(-1))+6-BA(0.5 mg·L^(-1)).Optimal medium MS+6-BA(0.5 mg·L^(-1))+TDZ(0.2 mg·L^(-1))for axillary bud germination induced by stem segments,the germination rate is 42.3%,and the bud is robust.