黄石寨景区旅游活动对典型植物群落的影响

Influences of tourism activities on typical plants communities in Huangshizhai scenic spot

在张家界国家森林公园黄石寨景区选择4种典型群落类型,研究不同旅游干扰程度对黄石寨景区不同群落类型、不同层次群落结构的影响。采用植被盖度降低率(CR)、植相变异度(FD)及植群高度减少率(HR)3个指标,组成植物群落干扰指数(IVI)。结果表明:旅游活动对4种不同群落类型乔木层的影响均不明显,对常绿阔叶林、常绿落叶阔叶林灌木层的盖度指标影响显著;对4种不同植被类型草本层3个指标的影响均达到显著水平(P<0.05),草本层的盖度、物种种类变化在游径10 m之内表现明显,植物高度变化在游径5 m之内最为明显;游客量比例与植物群落干扰指数呈正相关,相关性由近游径向远游径逐渐降低。

In order to study influences of tourism activities on different plant communities in Huangshizhai scenic spot of Zhangjiajie National Forest Park, 4 types of typical plant community were selected. Cover reduction, floristic dissimilarity and height reduction had been applied for vegetation disturbance index. The results showed as follows ：The impact of tourism activities on the tree layers of 4 types of plant community were not obvious, while it significant-ly affected the cover reduction of shrub layer in laurel forest, evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forest. The im-pact of tourism activities on the herbaceous layer of 4 different plant communities was significant （P 〈 0. 05 ） . The changes of vegetation coverage and species within the 10 m of trail diameter were obvious. The change of plant height was the most obvious within 5 m of trail diameter. The proportion of tourists was positively correlated with the degree of effects on different plant communities, the correlation between them declined as the distance increased along trail diameter.