侧向起爆条件下的爆炸能量分布及其对破岩效果的影响

Explosion energy distribution by side initiation and its effects on rock fragmentation

为了提高不同岩石中爆破破岩的能量利用率,分析了导爆索侧向起爆和一端起爆条件下的爆炸冲击能和爆生气体能的分布规律,并结合响水沟过渡料爆破开采实验,对比了这两种起爆方式下的爆破块度级配曲线。结果表明,侧向起爆和一端起爆条件下的爆炸冲击能和爆生气体能的分布有着很大差异。可以通过改变起爆方式来调整用于爆破破岩的冲击能和气体能的比例,以提高爆破破岩的能量利用率。此在基础上,提出了不同强度岩体中起爆方式选择的原则,导爆索侧向起爆适用于软岩和裂隙岩体的爆破破碎以及轮廓爆破,而在硬岩中的级配料爆破开采则不宜采用侧向起爆。

To improve the energy utilization and fragmentation effect in rock blastienergy partitions of end initiation and continuous side initiation were analyzed. In addition, field blas-ting tests were conducted in Xiangshuigou Quarry,and the results show significant differences in the partition of shock and gas energy between the two initiation methods. The effective energy utilization of these two initiation methods in different rocks varies considerably. On this basis？ a selection princi-ple of initiation methods for rocks with different intensities was put forward. The tiation with a detonating cord is advantageous in soft and fissured rocks and contour blasting, while blasting for graded material in hard rock,the end initiation is recommended instead of the side initia-tion.