不同植物生长促进剂对喷播灌木发芽及幼苗生长的影响

Plant growth accelerators for germination and seedling growth of shrubs

北京高速公路边坡喷播绿化后多出现灌草竞争问题,无法实现以灌木为主的目标群落。为在一定程度上提高灌木竞争力,选择促进剂浸种催芽的方法,进行了植物生长促进剂浸泡灌木种子的发芽试验和播种试验,以期发现"提早种子发芽时间,促进幼苗生长"的促进剂种类及质量浓度。应用不同质量浓度植物生长促进剂溶液对灌木种子进行浸泡处理,观测植物生长促进剂溶液对种子发芽时间及幼苗生长的影响。将发芽试验结果进行单因素方差分析和Dunnett t检验(P<0.05)后发现:(1)植物生长促进剂对灌木种子发芽势有提高作用,能使灌木种子在短期内尽可能多发芽,可增强灌木种子自身的竞争力。(2)对发芽高峰和发芽持续时间,不同灌木种子影响不一,延长和缩短的范围一般在2~3 d。将播种试验结果利用R语言进行因子分析,并结合发芽试验结果进行促进剂质量浓度筛选,结果通用质量浓度促进剂筛选结果为萘乙酸10^(-8)mg·L^(-1),专用质量浓度促进剂筛选结果为紫穗槐Amorpha fruticosa-复硝酚钠6 mg·L^(-1),胡枝子Lespedeza bicolor-赤霉素160 mg·L^(-1),荆条Vitex negundo var.heterophylla-赤霉素100 mg·L^(-1)。研究结果可在一定程度上解决边坡喷播中出现的灌草竞争问题,促进以灌木为主的目标群落的形成。

Nowadays, competition between shrubs and herbs often appears after spraying seeds for slope greening of Beijing highways, such that forming a shrub-based plant community cannot be achieved leading to unstable slopes which could collapse causing landslides. Therefore, the best concentration of plant growth accelerators to shorten germination time and accelerate seedling growth in order to strengthen the competitiveness of shrubs and to build a solid sloping landscape, was determined using different densities of plant growth accelerator solutions to soak shrub seeds. Analysis was conducted with an ANOVA and Dunnett＇s test, and the R program software＇s Factor Analysis was used to select the best kind and concentration of plant growth accelerator.Results of germination（P0.05） showed that（1） plant growth accelerators improved seed germination potential, led to more germination in a shorter time, and strengthened its competitiveness.（2） Plant growth accelerators prolonged or shortened germination time by 2-3 d, the results for different shrubs are different. The germination time results can be used to guide the setting of the watering time after spraying. Combining germination test results and factor analysis results of the sowing test using the R program software revealed that（3） the best plant growth accelerator was naphthylacetic acid at 10^-8mg·L^-1. Also,（4） the best concentration for specific shrubs was Amorpha fruticosa-compound sodium nitrophenolate, 6 mg·L^-1; Lespedeza bicolor-gibberellin,160 mg·L^-1; and Vitex negundo var. heterophylla-gibberellin, 100 mg·L^-1. These results can be used in soaking seeds before spraying to strengthen the competitiveness of shrubs