老年性聋患者听觉事件相关电位特征分析

The Characteristics of Auditory Event-related Potential in Presbycusis Patients

目的初步研究老年性聋患者的听觉事件相关电位(auditory event-related potential,AERP)失匹配负波(mismatch negativity,MMN)和P300的变化特征。方法采用oddball刺激序列,对20例健康青年志愿者(对照组)、20例老年听力正常者(老年听力正常组)和20例老年性聋患者(老年性聋组)进行AERP测试,在阅读状态下获得MMN波形,在集中注意力计数状态下获得P300波形,比较三组MMN、P300波形的潜伏期和波幅。结果老年性聋组MMN潜伏期为187.38±29.63 ms,与老年听力正常组(160.10±23.21 ms)和对照组(148.22±19.30 ms)相比明显延长(P<0.01),老年听力正常组潜伏期与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),三组MMN波幅差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);老年性聋组P300潜伏期为369.83±27.09,较老年听力正常组(332.89±25.60 ms)和对照组(318.51±22.32 ms)明显延长(P<0.01),三组P300波幅差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论老年性聋患者听觉中枢功能受损,认知功能减退,MMN、P300可作为评估老年性聋患者听觉中枢功能、认知功能的客观检查方法。

Objective To investigate the characteristics of auditory event-related potentials（AERP）mismatch negativity and P300 in presbycusis patients.Methods Auditory event-related potentials were recorded from 20 presbycusis patients,20 normal hearing elderly subjects and 20 normal young volunteers（the control group）in the Oddball stimulus paradigm.Mismatch negativity（MMN）was tested under the status of reading.P300 was tested under the status of concentrating.The latencies and amplitudes of 3 groups were compared.Results The latency of MMN in the presbycusis patient group（187.38±29.63ms）was significantly longer than those of the normal hearing older group（160.10±23.21±ms）and the control group（148.22±19.30 ms）（P〈0.01）.There were statistically significant differences between the normal hearing older group and control group（P〈0.05）.The amplitude differences were not statistically significant among the 3 groups（P〈0.05）.The latency of P300 in the presbycusis patient group（369.83±27.09ms）was significantly longer than those of the normal hearing older group（332.89±25.60ms）and the control group（318.51±22.32ms）（P〈0.01）.The amplitude differences were not statistically significant among the 3 groups（P〈0.05）.Conclusion The presbycusis patients show some central auditory processing dysfunction and cognitive impairment.MMN and P300 might be used as objective methods for evaluating central auditory processing and cognitive function in presbycusis patients.